Clarific Refinage is a wonderful and powerful formulation of Retinyl A Propionate along with other complimentary ingredients that make this a power house to:

• Provide exfoliation
• Reduce fine line and even deep wrinkles
• Improve uneven skin tone
• Increases collagen and and firmness
• Fade hyperpigmentation
• Excellent for acne.

Studies show Retinyl A propionate has a unique metabolic profile (easier for the skin to absorb) with higher retinoid bioactivity over retinol and retinyl palmitate. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33098193/

Key Active Ingredients

• Mandelic Acid – Mild exfoliator, antibacterial, lipophilic (will penetrate skin sebum), increases collagen, improves complexion and firmness https://draxe.com/beauty/mandelic-acid-benefits/  
• Retinyl Propionate – a bioavailable Vitamin A without the irritation of a retinoic acid.  Excellent for wrinkles and lines   Also provides increased production of collagen and hyaluronic acid, inhibition of MMPs *, skin thickening https://inci.guide/vitamins-provitamins/retinyl-propionate
• Acetyl Hexapeptide-6 - Also known as Argireline is a neurotransmitter-inhibiting peptide, that has water-binding properties and skin-restoring abilities helping skin look and feel younger.
• Kojic Acid - Works to lighten skin tones.  Blocks tyrosine from forming, which then prevents melanin production. Decreased melanin production may have a lightening effect on the skin. 
• Sodium PCA- Sodium PCA helps to form intercellular lipids that hold your cells together and therefore supports and protects the skin's barrier by preventing water loss. By protecting the skin's barrier you also fight against bacteria, pollutants and UV rays.
• Niacinamide -  inhibits protein glycation (that cross hatched look)
• Lactic Acid - helps improve your skin's built-in process for keeping itself hydrated plus a very mild exfoliator in this formula.

Directions

 On clean skin, using finger tips, apply to desire area.  We recommend to apply ONLY at night since sunlight inactivate topical vitamin A.  Be sure to store your bottle away from sunlight. 

NOTE If you are new to this product start slowly to prevent irritation.  We recommend to apply initially every 3 days for a week, if skin tolerates, then every 2 days, and so on.  If you get any irritation, let the skin rest for a day or two, then go back to application frequency that did not irritate. 

SUN ALERT

• Must be used in conjunction with a sunscreen of SPF 15 or higher.
• Avoid sun exposure while using.
• If exposed to the sun wear a hat and repeat your sunscreen application every two hours if exposure is prolonged.
• If planning a vacation in the sun temporally discontinue, begin application when you return.

Ingredients

SD Alcohol 40, Propylene Glycol, Mandelic Acid, Retinyl Propionate, Glycerine, Pentapeptide-D, Caprylyl Glycol, Acetyl Hexapeptide-6, Kojic Acid, Hydroxypropyl Cellulose,  Sodium Lactate, Sodium PCA, Glycerine, Fructose, Urea, Niacinamide, Inositol, Sodium Benzoate, Lactic Acid, BHT

* MMPs first destroy collagen I, which restricts the migration of skin stromal cells. Then, MMPs act on elastin fibers, release peptides that act on wound healing, accelerate fibroblast proliferation, and increase collagen I and tropoelastin. These peptides are collectively called matrikines.  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8706213/